Ansel Adams:世界上最美妙的两种声音是——相机快门打开和关闭的咔嗒声

日期：2021-9-15 作者：Aipunyc 分类： 2021 浏览：391

摄影师 Ansel Adams

安塞尔·亚当斯 (Ansel Adams) 因其拍摄的动人风景和技术技巧而广受赞誉，是历史上最有影响力的摄影师之一。他的理念和技术被成千上万有抱负的摄影师学习采用。

Ansel Adams was praised for his eloquent landscape photos and excellent techniques. He is one of the most influential photographers. His beliefs and techniques are studied by many ambitious photographers.

安塞尔·亚当斯1902 年出生在旧金山。早期对音乐的兴趣，20岁便自学成为了一名专业钢琴家。但是，他很快对摄影投入了全部精力。14 岁时拥有了他的第一台相机，并立即到优胜美地进行实践。在接下来的十年里，他每年都在那里拍照。

Ansel Adams was born in San Francisco in 1902. In his early years, he was interested in music and became a self-taught pianist when he was 20 years old. However, he quickly turned all his attention to photography. At the age of 14, he got his first camera, then immediately went to Yosemite to experiment. Over the next ten years, he shoots there annually.

安塞尔·亚当斯专注于拍摄美国西部的自然环境，一般采用巨大的全景照片，高度戏剧性的构图和用光。在刚开始摄影时，他采用的是柔焦摄影模式，但当他决定成为一名专业摄影师时，便改用锐利的焦点和广泛的灰色调，这成为他一生中大部分时间都坚持的拍摄模式。为了实现极度清晰，他采用大画幅相机、非常小的光圈（例如 f / 64）和长时间曝光（有时超过一个小时）。极度清晰是他摄影风格的一个关键要素。然而，在他的自传中，却一反常态采用了短灰色调，他只是为了提醒我们有意识地风格化才是他最著名的作品。

Ansel Adams focused on photographing the natural environment of the American west, usually in huge panoramas, highly dramatic composition and light using. When he first started shooting, he used soft-photographing mode, and when he decided to become a professional photographer, he switched to sharp focus and long tonal range of gray tones. This had become the way of photographing for most of his life. In order to accomplish extreme clarity, he utilized large format cameras, small aperture(such as f/64), and long exposure(sometimes over an hour). Extreme clarity is an important factor in his photographing style. Yet, in his autobiography, he uncharacteristically used a short gray tone, which he just wanted to remind us that the most famous works of his are intended styling.

安塞尔·亚当斯创作出的一些杰出的照片，在技术上基于“区域系统”，非常精确地控制照片中的值范围。通过调整曝光和显影时间（适当的燃烧和闪避），使阴影区域变亮/或使高光变暗从而达到精细平衡的色调，最终图像通常变得与原始场景完全不同。

Ansel Adams had created some outstanding photos, the technique was based on the "Zone System", which is controlling the range of values in the image precisely. By adjusting the exposure and development time(appropriate burning and dodging) to make shadows brighter/make highlighted parts darker so the color reaches a balance point. The final photo is usually completely different from the original scene.

安塞尔·亚当斯的生活是充满矛盾和多样性：不仅拍摄优胜美地的辉煌，也作为一名商业摄影师，他拍摄葡萄干面包、玻璃器皿和其他一切可以维持生计的东西；他的风景作品，书籍卖出了数百万本，也曾一度出现在咖啡罐上；他风度翩翩，很有尊严，但却喜欢导演庸俗的业余戏剧；虽然他把大量时间和收入用在了帮助他人，但也喜欢驾驶带有特殊车牌和喇叭（可以演奏72首曲子）的白色凯迪拉克。

Adams' life was full of conflict and diversity: not only finding glory in Yosemite, as a commercial photographer, he also photographed raisin bread, glass containers, and other items to make a living; his landscape work albums were sold millions of copies and were once on coffee mugs; he was personable and had dignity, but liked to direct vulgar amateur drama; although he used a lot of time and income to help others, he also liked to drive a white Cadillac with special license plate and a horn that plays 72 songs.

即便如此，安塞尔·亚当斯自己却是相信他不同的生活方面已经形成了一种整体，从不认为艺术家是或应该脱离社会的。他尽了最大的努力使生活与艺术达成一致。作为一名艺术家和生态学家，他在多样化的事物中找到了统一性。当他拍摄风景时，无论多么复杂，他都强调它的连贯性，并暗示在自然当中的相关性。

Even so, Adams believed that his different life aspects formed into a whole, he never thought artists are or should separate from society. He tried hard to make life and art the same. As an artist and ecologist, he found unification among diversities. When he shoots at landscapes, no matter how difficult, he emphasized their coherence and implied the relatedness underlying nature.

作为艺术家和保护环境的公众活动家，他认为艺术不是说教，虽然成功拍摄了自然的照片，但并没有直接起到拯救自然的作用。如他所说 “我从来没有故意拍一张与环境问题直接相关的有创意的照片”。

As an artist and a public activist for conservation, he believed that art is not preaching. Even if landscape photos are taken, they did not help to save nature directly. As he said: "I never intentionally made a creative photograph that related directly to an environmental issue."

持续不断的动力，集中精力，坚持实践，让安塞尔·亚当斯实现了自己的愿景。他引用朋友的一句话说：“世界上最美妙的两种声音是——相机快门打开和关闭的咔嗒声。”

The continuation of motivation and practice have helped Adams focus his energies and achieve his vision. He quotes a friend's words: "The two most beautiful sounds in the world are the opening and closing click of the camera shutter."